Inganda zikoresha ingufu z'umuyaga zigizwe ahanini n’umusaruro w’ibikoresho byo hejuru, gukora ibice byo hagati no gukora turbine y’umuyaga, ndetse n’imikorere y’umuyaga wo hepfo no gukora amashanyarazi.Umuyaga wa turbine ugizwe ahanini na moteri, icyumba cya moteri n'umunara.Kubera ko muri rusange umunara usabwa gupiganira amasoko atandukanye mugihe cyo gupiganira imirima yumuyaga, turbine yumuyaga bivuga icyumba cyimodoka na moteri muriki gihe.Uwatwaye umuyaga ashinzwe guhindura ingufu z'umuyaga ingufu za mashini.Igizwe nibyuma, hub no kurenganura.Icyuma gihindura imbaraga za kinetic yumuyaga imbaraga zumukanishi wibyuma nigiti kinini, hanyuma bigahinduka ingufu zamashanyarazi binyuze mumashanyarazi.Ingano n'imiterere y'icyuma bigena neza imbaraga zo guhindura ingufu, kimwe n'imbaraga hamwe nibikorwa.Kubwibyo, icyuma cya turbine cyumuyaga kiri mumwanya wibanze mugushushanya umuyaga.
Igiciro cyumuriro wumuyaga kingana na 20% - 30% yikiguzi cyose cya sisitemu yose itanga amashanyarazi.Igiciro cyo kubaka umurima wumuyaga kirashobora kugabanwa kubiciro byibikoresho, igiciro cyo kwishyiriraho, ubwubatsi nubwubatsi.Dufashe urugero rwa 50MW yumuyaga nkurugero, hafi 70% yikiguzi gituruka kubiciro byibikoresho;94% by'ibiciro by'ibikoresho biva mu bikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi;80% by'igiciro cy'ibikoresho bitanga amashanyarazi bituruka ku giciro cya turbine y'umuyaga na 17% bivuye ku giciro cy'umunara.
Dukurikije iyi mibare, ikiguzi cya turbine yumuyaga kigera kuri 51% yishoramari ryose ryamashanyarazi, naho ikiguzi cy umunara kigera kuri 11% yishoramari ryose.Igiciro cyo kugura byombi nigiciro kinini cyubwubatsi bwumuyaga.Umuyaga w'umuyaga ugomba kuba ufite ibiranga ubunini bunini, imiterere igoye, ibisabwa byuzuye, gukwirakwiza hamwe no guhangana nikirere cyiza.Kugeza ubu, igipimo ngarukamwaka cy'isoko ry'umuyaga w'amashanyarazi ni hafi miliyari 15-20.
Kugeza ubu, 80% yikiguzi cyicyuma kiva mubikoresho fatizo, muribyo byose hamwe igipimo cyogukomeza fibre, ibikoresho byingenzi, matrike resin na adhesive birenga 85% byigiciro cyose, igipimo cya fibre na fibre resinike kirenga 60% , kandi igipimo cyibikoresho bifatika nibyingenzi birenga 10%.Matrix resin ni ibikoresho "gushyiramo" icyuma cyose, gifunga ibikoresho bya fibre nibikoresho byingenzi.Ingano y'ibikoresho bipfunyitse igena ingano y'ibikoresho bya matrix, ni ukuvuga ibikoresho bya fibre.
Hamwe n’isoko ryiyongera ku isoko kugirango ikoreshwe neza ry’umuyaga w’umuyaga, iterambere ry’umuriro w’umuyaga ku nini nini ryabaye inzira byanze bikunze.Munsi yuburebure bumwe, uburemere bwibyuma ukoresheje fibre yibirahure nkibishimangira biruta cyane gukoresha fibre karubone nkibishimangira, bigira ingaruka kumikorere no guhindura imikorere ya turbine.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nyakanga-27-2021